Saving Telegraph Hill 1890-1918: Difference between revisions
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[[Image: | '''<font face = Papyrus> <font color = maroon> <font size = 4>Historical Essay</font></font> </font>''' | ||
''by Chris Carlsson'' | |||
[[Image:Tel Hill 1890 View north from Alta Street of three boys and a girl standing on hillside. Cottages with laundry drying and Layman's Castle on top behind. Behind them on Filbert Steps is 228 Filbert, built 1869 wnp71.2480.jpg|800px]] | |||
'''1890 view north from Alta Street on east slope of Telegraph Hill, during the early period of organizing to stop the destruction of the hill by quarrying. [[Julius' Castle|Layman's Castle]] is visible at upper left of photo.''' | |||
''Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp71.2480'' | |||
[[Image:Gray-Bros-Quarry-Jan-16-1915-sw-view-from-Lombard-and-Montgomery-A12.17.144n.jpg]] | |||
'''Gray Brothers Quarry, southwest view up Telegraph Hill from Lombard and Montgomery, January 15, 1915.''' | |||
''Photo: San Francisco National Maritime Museum, A12.17.144n'' | |||
[[Image:Dec 11 1914 Gray Bros quarry Telegraph Hill Gray Bros. Quarry dpwbook10 dpw2101 Northeast face of Telegraph Hill, approximately Lombard & Montgomery wnp36.00594.jpg|800px]] | |||
'''December 11, 1914, Gray Brothers quarry on northeast face of Telegraph Hill near approximately Lombard and Montgomery.''' | |||
Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp36.00549, dpwbook10 dpw2101 '' | |||
George and Harry Gray dug at the east face of [[Telegraph Hill Quarry Telegraph Hill]] for about 20 years, mostly with the blessing of City Hall. They persevered through bankruptcies, barrages of rocks from irate Irish and Italian hill dwellers who sometimes saw their small homes tumbling down the cliffside after a quarry explosion. The Gray Brothers ignored and bribed their way through court orders and wide social opposition, even shootings of quarry personnel. In 1909 the Gray Brothers disguised the detonation of several dynamite blasts by timing it to coincide with the fireworks of the 4th of July celebration, but irate neighbors knew what had happened and chased the quarry workers from the site. | George and Harry Gray dug at the east face of [[Telegraph Hill Quarry |Telegraph Hill]] for about 20 years, mostly with the blessing of City Hall. They persevered through bankruptcies, barrages of rocks from irate Irish and Italian hill dwellers who sometimes saw their small homes tumbling down the cliffside after a quarry explosion. The [[Gray Brothers Quarry at Corona Heights|Gray Brothers]] ignored and bribed their way through court orders and wide social opposition, even shootings of quarry personnel. In 1909 the Gray Brothers disguised the detonation of several dynamite blasts by timing it to coincide with the fireworks of the 4th of July celebration, but irate neighbors knew what had happened and chased the quarry workers from the site. | ||
The Gray Brothers weren't particularly smart and didn't even put much value on their own lives. Their cashier was shot and killed in 1910 when an unpaid worker lost his temper. And George Gray himself was murdered by a Joseph Lococo in 1915 when Mr. Lococo grew tired of demanding his back pay (a mere $17.50). | The Gray Brothers weren't particularly smart and didn't even put much value on their own lives. Their cashier was shot and killed in 1910 when an unpaid worker lost his temper. And George Gray himself was murdered by a Joseph Lococo in 1915 when Mr. Lococo grew tired of demanding his back pay (a mere $17.50). | ||
[[Image:ecology1$telegraph-hill-quarry.jpg]] | |||
'''The Gray Brothers Quarry on Telegraph Hill''' | |||
''Photo: Private Collection, San Francisco, CA'' | |||
The movement to save Telegraph Hill appeared among a group of women, mostly from other parts of San Francisco, not Telegraph Hill itself. Alice Griffith, Elizabeth Ashe and eight other women formed the Willing Circle in 1890 which eventually became the Telegraph Hill Neighborhood Association. Their efforts focused on resisting the quarrying of the hill, but also they tried to improve the neighborhood by providing classes in homemaking, a Boys' Club, and a settlement house at the crest of Vallejo which provided two nurses for locals' needs. Once the Italian neighbors overcame their initial suspicion they began giving fruit and vegetables to the house, and an evening club for girls working in the canneries was begun. Alice Griffith was the persistent force, badgering city officials, local societies and merchant associations, to halt the destruction of Telegraph Hill. She found lawyers to take on the Gray Brothers, and enlisted the aid of the famous John McLaren to plant flowering shrubs atop the then-barren Pioneer Park at the summit. After years their efforts finally caught the public's attention. The local press began to feature the story, and sailors would obligingly hike up the hill only to fall over the side and gain them even more publicity! The Improvement Club was joined by the daily press, but a number of local unions and their papers also took up the cause, including the ''Coast Seamen's Journal'' of the Sailors' Union of the Pacific. | The movement to save Telegraph Hill appeared among a group of women, mostly from other parts of San Francisco, not Telegraph Hill itself. Alice Griffith, Elizabeth Ashe and eight other women formed the Willing Circle in 1890 which eventually became the Telegraph Hill Neighborhood Association. Their efforts focused on resisting the quarrying of the hill, but also they tried to improve the neighborhood by providing classes in homemaking, a Boys' Club, and a settlement house at the crest of Vallejo which provided two nurses for locals' needs. Once the Italian neighbors overcame their initial suspicion they began giving fruit and vegetables to the house, and an evening club for girls working in the canneries was begun. Alice Griffith was the persistent force, badgering city officials, local societies and merchant associations, to halt the destruction of Telegraph Hill. She found lawyers to take on the Gray Brothers, and enlisted the aid of the famous John McLaren to plant flowering shrubs atop the then-barren Pioneer Park at the summit. After years their efforts finally caught the public's attention. The local press began to feature the story, and sailors would obligingly hike up the hill only to fall over the side and gain them even more publicity! The Improvement Club was joined by the daily press, but a number of local unions and their papers also took up the cause, including the ''Coast Seamen's Journal'' of the Sailors' Union of the Pacific. | ||
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''--Chris Carlsson '' | ''--Chris Carlsson '' | ||
[[Image:Telhquary870s.jpg]] | |||
'''Telegraph Hill quarry, 1870s.''' | |||
''Photo: David Myrick'' | |||
[[Image:177. San Francisco -- The deep cut on Broadway, between Kearny and Montgomery streets. c. 1860-1870 Lawrence and Houseworth publisher Soc of Cal Pioneers.jpg]] | |||
'''The deep cut on Broadway between Kearny and Montgomery Streets, c. 1860s, when the separation of Telegraph Hill from the surrounding area began to be defined by excavation.''' | |||
''Photo: Lawrence and Houseworth, courtesy Society of California Pioneers'' | |||
[[Image:Broadway,-Looking-West-toward-Russian-Hill,-from-Montgomery-View-west-from-Telegraph-Hill-at-Kearny,-with-horse-hitched-to-water-wagon.-Homes-visible-on-each-side-of-rock-cut. wnp37.jpg]] | |||
'''Broadway looking west toward Russian Hill from Montgomery, with horse hitched to water wagon, c. 1860s.''' | |||
''Photo: courtesy OpenSFHistory.org'' | |||
READ MORE: | READ MORE: | ||
| Line 19: | Line 61: | ||
''San Francisco's Telegraph Hill'' by David F. Myrick, Howell-North Books: 1972 | ''San Francisco's Telegraph Hill'' by David F. Myrick, Howell-North Books: 1972 | ||
[[ | [[Image:Tel Hill c 1875 Close View of rocky outcrop with houses in background. Probably Broadway cut. wnp37.02295-R.jpg|800px]] | ||
'''Telegraph Hill, c. 1875. Probably a view of the Broadway cut looking westerly from approximately Montgomery Street.''' | |||
''Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp37.02295-R'' | |||
[[Image:C1900 View north on Sansome toward Vallejo. Grey Brothers Quarry and Rock Crusher on east side of Telegraph Hill. Houses on the cliff on the 200 block of Green near Montgomery wnp27.4952.jpg|800px]] | |||
'''View north on Sansome Street toward Vallejo. Gray Brothers quarry and rock crusher on east side of Telegraph Hill. Houses on the cliff on the 200 block of Green near Montgomery, c. 1900.''' | |||
''Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp27.4952'' | |||
[[Image:Sansome near Vallejo c 1912 View north past houses on Telegraph Hill. F. Iacopi and Co. hay and grain; Sterling Laundry wagon, Bemis Bros. Bag Co. warehouse wnp15.1599.jpg|800px]] | |||
'''Sansome near Vallejo, c. 1912. View north past houses on Telegraph Hill.''' | |||
''Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp15.1599'' | |||
[[Image:Sansome near Lombard Dec 11 1914 Sansome below Telegraph Hill dpwbook10 dpw2099 Panorama with dpw2098 Albers Bros. Milling Co. Western Pacific Railway freight office. wnp36.00593.jpg|800px]] | |||
'''Sansome near Lombard, Dec. 11, 1914. Albers Brothers Milling Company and Western Pacific Railway Freight Office.''' | |||
''Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp36.00593'' | |||
[[North Beach from Telegraph Hill| North Beach]] | |||
[[Habitat Conservation Plan Compromises Survival of Native Species | Prev. Document]] [[Corona Heights Quarry | Next Document]] | |||
[[ | [[category:Ecology]] [[category:North Beach]] [[category:1860s]] [[category:1890s]] [[category:1900s]] [[category:1910s]] [[category:Telegraph Hill]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:13, 2 May 2020
Historical Essay
by Chris Carlsson
1890 view north from Alta Street on east slope of Telegraph Hill, during the early period of organizing to stop the destruction of the hill by quarrying. Layman's Castle is visible at upper left of photo.
Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp71.2480
Gray Brothers Quarry, southwest view up Telegraph Hill from Lombard and Montgomery, January 15, 1915.
Photo: San Francisco National Maritime Museum, A12.17.144n
December 11, 1914, Gray Brothers quarry on northeast face of Telegraph Hill near approximately Lombard and Montgomery.
Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp36.00549, dpwbook10 dpw2101
George and Harry Gray dug at the east face of Telegraph Hill for about 20 years, mostly with the blessing of City Hall. They persevered through bankruptcies, barrages of rocks from irate Irish and Italian hill dwellers who sometimes saw their small homes tumbling down the cliffside after a quarry explosion. The Gray Brothers ignored and bribed their way through court orders and wide social opposition, even shootings of quarry personnel. In 1909 the Gray Brothers disguised the detonation of several dynamite blasts by timing it to coincide with the fireworks of the 4th of July celebration, but irate neighbors knew what had happened and chased the quarry workers from the site.
The Gray Brothers weren't particularly smart and didn't even put much value on their own lives. Their cashier was shot and killed in 1910 when an unpaid worker lost his temper. And George Gray himself was murdered by a Joseph Lococo in 1915 when Mr. Lococo grew tired of demanding his back pay (a mere $17.50).
The Gray Brothers Quarry on Telegraph Hill
Photo: Private Collection, San Francisco, CA
The movement to save Telegraph Hill appeared among a group of women, mostly from other parts of San Francisco, not Telegraph Hill itself. Alice Griffith, Elizabeth Ashe and eight other women formed the Willing Circle in 1890 which eventually became the Telegraph Hill Neighborhood Association. Their efforts focused on resisting the quarrying of the hill, but also they tried to improve the neighborhood by providing classes in homemaking, a Boys' Club, and a settlement house at the crest of Vallejo which provided two nurses for locals' needs. Once the Italian neighbors overcame their initial suspicion they began giving fruit and vegetables to the house, and an evening club for girls working in the canneries was begun. Alice Griffith was the persistent force, badgering city officials, local societies and merchant associations, to halt the destruction of Telegraph Hill. She found lawyers to take on the Gray Brothers, and enlisted the aid of the famous John McLaren to plant flowering shrubs atop the then-barren Pioneer Park at the summit. After years their efforts finally caught the public's attention. The local press began to feature the story, and sailors would obligingly hike up the hill only to fall over the side and gain them even more publicity! The Improvement Club was joined by the daily press, but a number of local unions and their papers also took up the cause, including the Coast Seamen's Journal of the Sailors' Union of the Pacific.
All blasting permits were revoked and the crushing machines stopped by court order in October 1903, but it would be more than a decade until the demolition of Telegraph Hill really stopped.
--Chris Carlsson
Telegraph Hill quarry, 1870s.
Photo: David Myrick
The deep cut on Broadway between Kearny and Montgomery Streets, c. 1860s, when the separation of Telegraph Hill from the surrounding area began to be defined by excavation.
Photo: Lawrence and Houseworth, courtesy Society of California Pioneers
Broadway looking west toward Russian Hill from Montgomery, with horse hitched to water wagon, c. 1860s.
Photo: courtesy OpenSFHistory.org
READ MORE:
North Beach: The Italian Heart of San Francisco by Richard Dillon with photographs by J.B. Monaco, Presidio Press: 1985.
San Francisco's Telegraph Hill by David F. Myrick, Howell-North Books: 1972
Telegraph Hill, c. 1875. Probably a view of the Broadway cut looking westerly from approximately Montgomery Street.
Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp37.02295-R
View north on Sansome Street toward Vallejo. Gray Brothers quarry and rock crusher on east side of Telegraph Hill. Houses on the cliff on the 200 block of Green near Montgomery, c. 1900.
Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp27.4952
Sansome near Vallejo, c. 1912. View north past houses on Telegraph Hill.
Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp15.1599
Sansome near Lombard, Dec. 11, 1914. Albers Brothers Milling Company and Western Pacific Railway Freight Office.
Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp36.00593